Biology Introduction

Science: (Latin: to Know)

It is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiments.

Science is defined as the observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomena.

Biology: Biology is a branch of Science that deals with the study of living organisms/living matter.

or

Biology is the science of life forms and living processes.

According to Greek language:

Bio=life; logy=study

Father of Biology: Aristotle

Biologist: They are the scientists studies living organisms like animals, plants and microorganism.

Cell: It is a basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms except Virus, Viroid and Prion.

Branches of Biology: They are many branches in biology few listed below as follows;

1. Anatomy

2. Biotechnology

3. Botany

4. Cell Biology

5. Cryobiology

6. Cytology

7. Ecology

8. Evolution

9. Genetics

10. Immunology

11. Microbiology

12. Molecular Biology

13. Physiology

14. Radiobiology

15. Taxonomy 

16. Zoology

1. Anatomy: Anatomy is the branch of biology that deals with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.

Father of Anatomy: Andreas Vesalius

According to Greek language:

Anatomy = dissection

2. Biotechnology: Biotechnology is the use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life.

Father of Biotechnology: Karl Ereky

According to Greek language:

Bio = life; tech = skill; logy = study

3. Botany: Botany is the scientific study of plants, including their physiology, structure, genetics, and ecology.

Father of Botany: Theophrastus

According to Greek language:

Botany = grass/fodder

4. Cell Biology: Cell biology is the study of cell structure and function.

Father of Cell Biology: George Emil Palade

According to Latin language:

Cell = small room

5. Cryobiology: This deals with the effects of extremely low temperature in living cells and organisms as a whole.

Father of Cryobiology: Basil Luyet

According to Greek language:

Cryo = icy cold

6. Cytology: Only study of cell structure.

Father of Cytology: Robert Hooke

7. Ecology: Ecology is the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms and their environment.

Father of Ecology: Alexander Von Humboldt

According to Greek language:

Eco = house

8. Evolution: Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Father of Evolution: Charles Darwin

According to Greek language:

Evolve = to unroll/gradually

9. Genetics: Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.

Father of Genetics: Gregor John Mendel

According to Greek language:

Gen = born

10. Immunology: Immunology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with immunity.

Father of Immunology: Edward Jenner's

According to Greek language:

Immune = against/anti

11. Microbiology: Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, those being unicellular, multicellular, or acellular.

Father of Microbiology: Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

According to Greek language:

Micro = small

12. Molecular Biology: Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and function of the proteins and nucleic acids.

Father of Molecular biology: Linus Pauling

According to Latin language:

Molecule = tiny mass

13. Physiology: Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the functions and processes of living organisms and their parts.

Father of Physiology: Albrecht von Haller

According to Greek Language:

Physic = Nature; Logy = Study

14. Radiobiology: Radiobiology is a branch of biology that involves the study of the action of ionizing radiation on living things.

Actinobiology: Study the effect of radiation on living organisms.

Father of Radiology: Louis Harold Gray

According to Greek language:

Radio/Actino = radius/ray

15. Taxonomy: It is a branch of biology that deals with study of description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms.

Father of Taxonomy: Carolus Linnaeus

According to Greek language:

Taxis = arrangement; nomy = method/law

16. Zoology: Zoology is the scientific study of the behavior, structure, physiology, classification, and distribution of animals.

Father of Zoology: Aristotle.

According to Greek language:

Zoo = animal